Accordingtothistext__________.
问题：
[单选,材料题]Accordingtothistext__________.阅读材料，回答下面的题目。
TheDiminishingScientificLeadershipoftheU,S.Withtherapidglobalizationofscienceitself(morethan40percentofscientificPh.D.studentstrainedintheUnitedStatesarenowforeignnationals,roughlyhalfofwhomreturntotheircountriesoforigin),theonceundisputedU.S.scientificlead,whetherrelevanttoproductleadornot,isdiminishing.
ThecompetitionofforeignstudentsforpositionsinU.S.graduateschoolshasalsocontributedtomakingscientifictrainingrelativelyunattractivetoU.S.students,becausetherapidlyincreasingsupplyofstudentshasdiminishedtherelativerewardsofthiscareerpath.Forthebestandbrightestfromlow-incomecountries,apositionasaresearchassistantintheUnitedStatesisattractive,whereasthebestandbrightestU.S.studentsmightnowseebetteroptionsinotherfields.Scienceandengineeringcareers,totheextentthattheyareopeninguptoforeigncompetition(whetherimportedoravailablethroughbettercommunication),alsoseemtobebecomingrelativelylessattractivetoU.S.students.
Withrespecttotheroleofuniversitiesintheinnovationprocessthespeculativeboomofthe1990s(which,amongotherthings,madeitpossibletoconvertscientificfindingsintocashratherquickly)waslargelyunexpected.Theboombroughtuniversitiesandtheirfacultiesintomuchclosercontactwithprivatemarketsastheytriedtogainasmuchoftheeconomicdividendsfromtheirdiscoveriesaspossible.Forawhile,thepathbetweendiscoveriesinbasicscienceandnewflowsofhardcashwasconsiderablyshortened.Butduringthenextfewdecades,thispathwilllikelyreverttowarditsmoretraditionallengthandreestablishinahealthyway,themoretraditional(andmoreindependent)relationshipbetweenthebasicresearchdoneatuniversitiesandthoseentitiesthattranslateideasintoproductsandservices.
Intheinterveningyears,anothernewforcealsogreatlyfacilitatedglobalization:therapidgrowthoftheInternetandcheapwide-bandwidthinternationalcommunication.Today,complexdesignactivitiescantakeplaceinlocationsquiteremovedfrommanufacturing,otherbusinessfunctionsandtheconsumer.Indeed,thereisnowampleopportunityforreal-timecommunicationbetweenbusinessfunctionsthatarequiteindependentoftheirspecificlocations.Forexample,softwarearedevelopment,withallitschangesandcomplications,cantoaconsiderableextentbedoneoverseasforaU.S.customer.Foreigncallcenterscanrespondinstantlytoquestionsfromthousandsofmilesaway.Theresultisthatlow-wageworkersintheFarEastandinsomeothercountriesarecomingintoevenmoredirectcompetitionwithamuchwiderspectrumofU.S.labor:unskilledinthecaseofcallcenters;morehighlyskilledinthecaseofprogrammers.
A.thecareersunattractivetoU.S.studentsmaynotbesotoforeignstudents
B.scienceandengineeringcareersareunattractiveexclusivelytoU．S．students
C.U．S．studentsagenotcourageousenoughtofaceforeigncompetition
D.U．S．studentsarenotwellpreparedtocompetewithforeignstudents
参考答案：A
参考解析：
【答案】A
【解析】在文章第二段中，“Forthebestandbrightestfromlow-incomecountries，apositionasaresearchassistantintheUnitedStatesisattractive，whereasthebestandbrightestU．S．studentsmightnOWseebetteroptionsinotherfields”可看出，A项与其意思相符，美国和其他国家的学生兴趣不同，而并不是美国学生没有勇气和没准备好去面对竞争，可排除c，D选项，而8项过于绝对。
【教育知识】栏目